• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for quenching a cast part (1) made of metal, in particular light metal, wherein the cast part (1) is quenched by means of a gaseous quenching medium. The invention further relates to a method for heat treating a cast part (1) made of metal, in particular The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method for quenching a casting (1), as well as the method obtainable by the method Casting (1).
    公开号:AT12609U1
    申请号:TGM67/2011U
    申请日:2004-06-16
    公开日:2012-08-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Belte Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Austrian Patent Office AT12 609U1 2012-08-15
    Description: The invention relates to a method for quenching a casting made of metal, in particular of light metal, wherein the casting is subjected to a quenching medium.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for heat treating a casting of metal, in particular of light metal, wherein the casting is cast, solution-annealed, quenched by means of a quenching medium and is subjected to a heat Auslagerung.
    The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method for quenching a casting, as well as the casting obtainable by the method.
    From DE 100 16 187 A1 a method for quenching a casting of metal is known in which the casting is subjected to a liquid quenching medium.
    By a selective local pre-quenching of the casting low-stress and well-hardened functional areas are to be generated.
    From DE 198 56 940 C1 discloses a method for quenching a casting of metal is known in which a cooling of the heated to 250 ° C to 400 ° C casting in still air. Deterrence of the casting is not provided.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a method for quenching a casting or a method for heat treating a casting and an apparatus for carrying out the said method such that a distortion-minimized casting is made with adapted to the shape of the improved mechanical properties thereof ,
    To achieve this object, the invention, the features of claim 1,7, 11, 13 or 17.
    The particular advantage of the method according to claim 1 is that in comparison to the quenching by means of a liquid quenching medium, the delay of the casting can be substantially reduced.
    This results in a saving of material, an energy saving and a saving of chips that are incurred in the machining further processing. Furthermore, the quenching process according to the invention results in shorter cycle times, because a faster solidification of the crystal constituents occurs.
    In particular, in the production of, for example, wheels having non-uniform wall thicknesses, the method according to the invention makes it possible to optimally adapt the strength values or hardness values to the requirements of the different segments of the casting. The cooling conditions are optimally adapted to the different wall thickness segments of the wheel.
    Preferably, the quenching is carried out by supplying gas, in particular room air, with a predetermined flow rate, which is adjusted by means of a controlled fan, the production cost can be kept relatively low.
    To achieve the object, the method according to the invention for heat treatment, the features of claim 7.
    Advantageously, the inventive method according to claim 7 allows improved mechanical properties of the casting as well as a delay minimization. This is achieved by optimally coordinating the process steps "solution annealing", "quenching" and "quenching". and " heat aging ".
    To achieve the object, the device according to the invention has the features of claim 11. The particular advantage of the device according to the invention according to claim 11 is that the controlled quenching by means of a gaseous quenching medium, preferably ambient air, a targeted distribution of different strength values or hardness values in the Casting is enabled. The primary object of the invention is not quenching as fast as possible, but a controlled quenching of the casting, in which between segments of the casting takes place a sliding transition with respect to the strength or hardness values. In particular, with different wall thicknesses having castings, such as wheels, cylinder heads, etc., there is a slower cooling of the remote from the entrance of the quenching medium casting sections higher wall thickness. In the case of a wheel, the hub region thus has a lower hardness than a horn region of the rim, which has a smaller wall thickness and faces the passages of the inflowing quenching medium. The strength distribution is continuous in the radial direction from an inner spoke region of low strength to an outer region of higher strength spokes. Advantageously, this results in damping properties of the wheel, which are favorable for continuous load or extreme load of the wheel of a motor vehicle. On the one hand, it is ensured that the safety-relevant casting areas, such as the horn or the rim base, have maximum mechanical strength or hardness. The thicker and perpendicular to the rim hub or spoke area whose wall thickness is chosen to be much larger, may be less hard.
    Preferably, the casting is mounted in a receptacle which has passages for the entry of the gaseous quenching medium. On the side facing away from the casting a fan is arranged, which sucks the quenching medium and presses in accordance with a predetermined flow rate through the passages in the recording. The fan is connected to a control circuit which adjusts the flow velocity of the quench medium depending on the ambient conditions. Advantageously, the flow rates can be adapted to the requirements of the quenching process in this way.
    An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
    Figure 1 is a front view of a wheel, Figure 2 shows a section through the wheel along the line ll-ll of Figure 1, which is arranged as a casting in a receptacle of a device for quenching the casting and Figure 3 is a block diagram of a device for deterring the casting.
    The embodiment relates to the production of a wheel 1 according to Figure 1. The wheel 1 is designed as a light metal wheel, preferably made of an aluminum alloy. Alternatively, the process according to the invention can also be used for the production of, for example, cylinder heads or crankcases.
    The light-alloy wheel 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists essentially of a rim 2, a hub region 3 and a plurality of spokes 4 extending radially from the hub region 3 to the outside.
    For the production of such a light metal wheel 1, a die casting of an aluminum alloy (aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy, AISiMg) is poured in a mold, not shown. The casting 1 is made by die casting. It can be made using a sand casting process in a sand mold or by a chill casting.
    After casting, the casting may be subjected to an X-ray to identify any unwanted holes, if any.
    In a further step, a solution annealing of the casting 1, in which the casting is held at a temperature of about 535 ° C for six hours, the casting is held AT12 609U1 2012-08-15 part 1. The solution annealing may be carried out at a solution annealing temperature between 500 ° C and 550 ° C, depending on the shape of the casting 1. The solution annealing time may be in the range of four to eight hours.
    In a further step, the quenching of the casting 1 by means of a gaseous quenching medium takes place. In the present embodiment serves as a quenching medium, the room air, which is sucked by means of a blower 5 and passed at a predetermined flow rate in a receiving chamber 6, in which the casting 1 is arranged. As can be seen from Figure 2, the casting is positioned with a rear horn 7 of the rim 2 on a grid-shaped bottom 8. The bottom 8 has at a regular distance arranged passages 9 and slots through which the room air can flow according to the direction of arrow 10 in the receiving chamber 6. The flow rate of the room air can be in a range of 30 to 70 m / s. During the quenching process, the casting 1 is cooled from 535 to 1 öO'O within a few minutes, for example within two to three minutes. The initial temperature of the casting 1 may be in a range of 490 ° C to 540 ° C.
    The wall thickness di of the rim 2 is substantially smaller than the wall thickness d2 of the hub region 3 or the spokes 4.
    In the present embodiment, the wall thickness di 3 mm to 8 mm and the wall thickness d2 be 30 mm to 70 mm.
    The casting 1 is due to its own weight on the grid-shaped bottom 8. By the arrangement of the rim 2, which extends substantially parallel to the air flow direction 10 and which is arranged on a side facing the passages 9 of the die-cast part 1, and the fact that the wall thickness d! the rim 2 is substantially smaller than the wall thickness d2 of the remaining part of the die-cast part 1, a faster cooling of the rim area 2 takes place than that of the hub / spoke area 3, 4.
    The temperature L in the region of the rim 2 is smaller during the quenching process than the temperature t2 in the hub / spoke region 3, 4. The rim 2 serves as a kind of cooling rib for the cooling of the hub / spoke area 3, 4 and thus favors a temperature compensation, whereby a sliding transition of the strength or hardness values from the rear horn 7 and from the rim base 2 in the direction of the hub area 3 completes. For example, the rim well may have a hardness value that is 10% to 20% higher than the hardness value in the region of the hub 3 of the casting 1. While a high strength value is formed in the region of the rim 2, the strength value in the region of the hub 3 is substantially lower so that in an advantageous manner, the damping properties of the light metal wheel 1 when used for example in a motor vehicle can be significantly improved. Dynamic mechanical stresses can be much better absorbed without damaging the wheel 1 occurs.
    Advantageously, an increase in the damping comfort. Axle damage can be avoided especially with rims large width.
    These mentioned phenomena or advantages arise essentially by the quenching process according to the invention.
    After the quenching process, the casting 1 is subjected to a heat aging, which may have a duration of 30 minutes to 10 hours. The heat aging time for the described casting 1 may be 5 hours while maintaining the temperature in a range between 155 ° C and 200 ° C.
    In a further step, the casting 1 is then fed to a machining.
    As can be seen from Figure 3, the fan 5 is associated with a control device ST, which adjusts or regulates the flow rate of the introduced through the blower 5 in the receiving chamber 6 3/8 Austrian Patent Office AT12 609U1 2012-08-15 room airflow ,
    The control device ST has electronic control means, such that a fan of the blower 5, for example, at a room temperature of 20 ° C generates a flow velocity of 40 m / s. At an elevated room temperature of 30 ° C, the control circuit 11 causes an increase in the rotational speed of the fan 5, so that, for example, a flow velocity of 50 m / s is achieved.
    In particular, the following is disclosed: 1. A method for quenching a cast part from metal, in particular from light metal, wherein the cast part is subjected to a quenching medium, the casting (1) being quenched by means of a gaseous quenching medium.
    2. The method of 1., wherein the casting (1) is quenched by means of air at a predetermined flow rate.
    3. The method according to 1 or 2, wherein the casting (1) is flowed around by air at a flow velocity in a range of 30 m / s to 70 m / s, wherein the flow velocity depends on the geometry of the casting ( 1) and / or the ambient conditions.
    4. The method according to one of 1 to 3, wherein the casting (1) is flowed around by room air.
    5. The method according to one of 1 to 4, wherein the casting (1) with upright walls (2) on a with passages (9) provided bottom (8) is positioned and that the air perpendicular to the plane of the bottom (8) in the direction of the casting (1) is passed.
    6. A method for heat treating a casting of metal, in particular of light metal, wherein the casting is cast, solution annealed, quenched by means of a quenching medium and is subjected to a heat aging, the casting (1) in a time of four to Solution-annealed at a given solution annealing temperature between δΟΟΌ to 550 ° C for eight hours, that the casting (1) from the solution annealing temperature within a few minutes quenched by flow around a gaseous quenching medium and that the casting (1) for a period of 30 minutes to 10 hours at a temperature in a range of 155 ^ 0 to 200 ° C, the heat aging is subjected.
    7. The method according to one of 1 to 6, wherein the casting (1) is produced by die casting.
    8. The method according to one of 1 to 7, wherein the casting (1) made of an aluminum alloy, in particular of an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy (AISiMg) is produced.
    9. Use of the method according to one of 1 to 8 for the production of a wheel (1) or a cylinder head or a crankcase.
    10. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to one of 1 to 8, with a receiving chamber (6) in which at least one casting (1) on a with passages (9) provided bottom (8) is positioned, and with a fan (5), which is arranged on a side of the base (8) facing away from the casting (1), for producing a flow of the gaseous quenching medium in the direction of the casting (1).
    11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the fan (5) with a control device (ST) is connected, such that depending on the ambient conditions and / or the dimensioning of the casting (1), the flow rate of the receiving chamber (6 ) introduced quenching medium is set or regulated. 4.8
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    Austrian patent office AT12 609U1 2012-08-15 Claims 1. A method for quenching a casting of metal or light metal, wherein the casting (1) is quenched with air, characterized in that the air is the casting (1) with a flow velocity in a range flows from 30 m / s to 70 m / s.
    [2]
    2. The method of claim 1, wherein the casting (1) is quenched with flowing room air.
    [3]
    3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow rate by means of a controlled blower (5) is adjusted.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow rate is adjusted depending on the geometry of the casting (1).
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the flow rate is adjusted depending on the ambient conditions.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the casting (1) with upright walls (2) on a with passages (9) provided bottom (8) is positioned and the air perpendicular to the plane of the bottom (8) in the direction of the casting (1) is passed.
    [7]
    A method of heat treating a casting of metal or light metal, wherein the casting is cast, solution annealed, quenched by a quenching medium and subjected to heat aging, characterized in that the casting (1) has a time of four to eight hours is solution-annealed at a given solution annealing temperature between 490 ° C to 550O, - that the casting (1) from the solution annealing temperature within a few minutes quenched by flow around with air, preferably room air, and - that the casting (1 ) is subjected to heat aging for a period of 30 minutes to 10 hours at a temperature in a range of 150 ° C to 200 ° C.
    [8]
    8. The method of claim 7, wherein the solution annealing temperature is between 500 ° C and 5500, and / or the heat aging temperature is between 1550 and 2000.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising the features of one of claims 1 to 6.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the casting (1) is produced by die casting.
    [11]
    11. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or the quenching step of the method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, comprising a receiving chamber (6) for at least one casting, characterized by - a bottom provided with passages (9) (8) the receiving chamber (6) on which the at least one casting (1) can be positioned, and - a fan (5) which is arranged on a side of the bottom (8) facing away from the at least one casting (1) Generation of a unidirectional flow around the casting (1) with the gaseous quenching medium.
    [12]
    12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the fan (5) is connected to a control device (ST), wherein the control device (ST) is adapted to control the blower such that the flow velocity of the introduced into the receiving chamber (6) gaseous Quenching medium depending on the ambient conditions and / or the dimensioning of the casting (1) is set or regulated.
    [13]
    13. distortion-minimized casting of light metal with different areas (2,3), characterized in that a region (2) of the casting (1) has a higher strength or hardness than another region (3), wherein the strength or hardness distribution between the two areas (2, 3) runs continuously. 5/8 Austrian Patent Office AT 12 609 Ul 2012-08-15
    [14]
    14. distortion-minimized casting according to claim 13, wherein the casting (1) is a die-cast part.
    [15]
    15. distortion-minimized casting according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the casting (1) consists of an aluminum alloy, in particular of an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy (AISiMg).
    [16]
    16, distortion-minimized casting according to one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the delay-minimized casting is a wheel (1), a cylinder head or a crankcase.
    [17]
    17. Use of the device according to claim 11 or 12 for the production of the distortion-minimized casting according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein areas (2) of the casting (1) with a smaller wall thickness (di) are positioned facing the passages (9), and areas (3) of the casting (1) with a higher wall thickness (d2) are positioned away from the passages (9). For this 2 sheets drawings 6/8
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    法律状态:
    2014-08-15| MK07| Expiry|Effective date: 20140630 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE10330400A|DE10330400A1|2003-07-04|2003-07-04|Process for quenching cast part made from light metal alloy comprises using gaseous quenching medium |
    PCT/DE2004/001220|WO2005007917A2|2003-07-04|2004-06-16|Method and device for chilling a cast part|
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